Figure 8. Top Left, in this case (patient G.F.) of total fibular and femoral deficiency on the left side, an ankle disarticulation (modified Syme) or a Boyd amputation is absolutely contraindicated because of the high level transverse deficiencies of both arms and the phocomelia of the rudimentary right foot. (In 1975 capping procedure was carried out on the right above-elbow stump and in 1975 and 1980 on the left stump. The procedure, which in this case made use of cartilage-bone transplants from the right phocomelic extremity, is described in part II, Vol. 5, No. 1.) Bottom, the increasing pes valgus makes function more difficult, this must be corrected but not amputated. Top right, the boy is ambulatory for short distances with a short Canadian hip prosthesis on the right and an orthopaedic "Innenschuh" on the left. The "Innenschuh" was unable to hold the left foot in the corrected position. The bilateral above-elbow prostheses improved the patient's balance.